PHYSICAL REVIEW D 90, 075021 (2014)

ISSN: 1550-7998, SCI

Phenomenology of the 3-3-1-1 model

P. V. Dong, D. T. Huong, Farinaldo S. Queiroz, N. T. Thuy

In this work we discuss a new SU(3)C ⊗ SU(3)L ⊗ U(1)X ⊗ U(1)N (3-3-1-1) gauge model that overhauls the theoretical and phenomenological aspects of the known 3-3-1 models. Additionally, we derive the outcome of the 3-3-1-1 model from precise electroweak bounds to dark matter observables. We firstly advocate that if the B − L number is conserved as the electric charge, the extension of the standard model gauge symmetry to the 3-3-1-1 one provides a minimal, self-contained framework that unifies all the weak, electromagnetic, and B − L interactions, apart from the strong interaction. The W parity (similar to the R parity) arises as a remnant subgroup of the broken 3-3-1-1 symmetry. The mass spectra of the scalar and gauge sectors are diagonalized when the scale of the 3-3-1-1 breaking is compatible to that of the ordinary 3-3-1 breaking. All the interactions of the gauge bosons with the fermions and scalars are obtained. The standard model Higgs (H) and gauge (Z) bosons are realized at the weak scales with consistent masses despite their respective mixings with the heavier particles. The 3-3-1-1 model provides two forms of dark matter that are stabilized by W-parity conservation: one fermion which may be either a Majorana or Dirac fermion, and one complex scalar. We conclude that in the fermion dark matter setup the Z2 gauge-boson resonance sets the dark matter observables, whereas in the scalar one the Higgs portal dictates them. The standard model Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani mechanism works in the model because of W-parity conservation. Hence, the dangerous flavor-changing neutral currents due to the ordinary and exotic quark mixing are suppressed, while those coming from the nonuniversal couplings of the Z2 and ZN gauge bosons are easily evaded. Indeed, the K0 − ¯ K0 and B0s − ¯ B0s mixings limit mZ2;N > 2.037 TeV and mZ2;N > 2.291 TeV, respectively, while the LEPII searches provide a rather close bound, mZ2;N > 2.737 TeV. The violation of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity due to the loop effects of the Z2 and ZN gauge bosons is negligible.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.90.075021

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