System Directories:

Dir name Content
/bootContains folders using in starting process.
/homeContains home directories of users.
/binContains basic Linux programs was written under computer code.
/etcContains directories and folders of system configurations/services.
/devContains device folders.
/tmpContains subdirectories and temporary folders.
/usrContains subdirectories and user folders.
/varContains subdirectories and other folders.

Basic Commands

Command Content and OptionsDOS command
ls

Showing folders:
-a: Show all files.
-l: Show file details.
-t: Show files are ordered by date.

dir
ps

Show running processes.
-u: Show username and other informations.
-a: Show all running processes on system.

cd

Change working directory.

cd
pwd

Show working directory.

 
mkdir

Make directory.

md
rm -r

Remove directories and subdirectories
rm -rf: Remove all directories without asking.

rm
cp

Copy folders

copy
mv

Change or rename folder/directory

mv
cat

Show file in detail.

type
cat > fname

Make file (Push Ctrl + D when finish)

copy con
tar -cvvf

Zip files into one file (*.tar)

gzip fname

Zip file *.tar into *.tar.gz

tar -zxf

Unzip file *.tar.gz

User Commands

Command Parameters Content
useradd username -gInitgrp
-Gothergroup [, ...]
Add new user
userdel username Delete user
groupadd groupname Add new group
groupdel groupname Delete group
su username Change user login
newgrp groupname Change group name
passwd newpassword Change password
yppaswd   Change password on workstations NIS

 

 

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Số 10 Đào Tấn, Thủ lệ, Ba Đình, Hà Nội

Fax (84-4) 3766 9050; Website: http://www.iop.vast.ac.vn