Programme

O.8 -- Oral, VCTP-45

Date: Monday, 12 October 2020

Time: 16:30 - 16:50

Active matter in a viscoelastic environment

Emmanuel Lance Christopher VI M. Plan (1), Julia M. Yeomans (2), Amin Doostmohammadi (3)

(1) Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research, Duy Tan University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam, (2) The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom (3) The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

Active matter systems such as eukaryotic cells and bacteria continuously transform chemical energy to motion. Hence living systems exert active stresses on the complex environments in which they reside. One recurring aspect of this complexity is the viscoelasticity of the medium surrounding living systems: bacteria secrete their own viscoelastic extracellular matrix, and cells constantly deform, proliferate, and self-propel within viscoelastic networks of collagen. It is therefore imperative to understand how active matter modifies, and gets modified by, viscoelastic fluids. Here we present a two-phase model of active nematic matter that dynamically interacts with a passive viscoelastic polymeric phase and perform numerical simulations in two dimensions to illustrate its applicability. Motivated by recent experiments we first study the suppression of cell division by a viscoelastic medium surrounding the cell. We further show that the self-propulsion of a model keratocyte cell is modified by the polymer relaxation of the surrounding viscoelastic fluid in a nonuniform manner and find that increasing polymer viscosity effectively suppresses the cell motility. Last, we explore the hampering impact of the viscoelastic medium on the generic hydrodynamic instabilities of active nematics by simulating the dynamics of an active stripe within a polymeric fluid. The model presented here can provide a framework for investigating more complex dynamics such as the interaction of multicellular growing systems with viscoelastic environments.

Presenter: Emmanuel Lance Christopher VI M. Plan