FY 2000 = $73,569,000

Brookhaven National Laboratory 

Associate Laboratory Director for BES - Richard Osgood

Chemistry Department

National Synchrotron Light Source

Nanocenter

The Materials Sciences subprogram emphasizes experiments that make use of the NSLS and the HFBR. BNL scientists are among the world leaders in neutron and X-ray scattering applied to a wide variety of research problems such as high-temperature superconductivity, magnetism, structural and phase transformations in solids, and polymeric conductors. BNL has strong research programs in the structure and composition of grain boundaries and interfaces in high temperature superconductors, in aqueous and galvanic corrosion studies, and in the theory of alloy phases. 

The Chemical Sciences subprogram supports one of three centers for pulsed radiolysis research at BNL. With the recent completion of a new innovative short-pulse radiation chemistry facility, BNL is well poised to contribute significantly to radiation sciences research for the next decade. There is also a forefront research project on the spectroscopy of reactive combustion intermediates and an active research effort on studies of the mechanisms of electron transfer related to artificial photosynthesis. Other Chemical Sciences research at BNL is focused around the unique capabilities of the NSLS in obtaining time dependant structural data of reacting systems, the structural changes accompanying catalytic and electrochemical reactions, and the formation of atmospheric aerosols and their reactivity. 

The Energy Biosciences subprogram supports activities in the plant sciences, which include mechanistic and molecular-based studies on photosynthesis, lipid metabolism genetic systems. The studies on lipid biosynthesis may lead to exciting prospects for engineering new pathways for the synthesis of alternative fuels and petroleum-replacing chemicals. The Engineering and Geosciences subprogram supports synchrotron-based studies of rock-fluid interactions, particularly for investigations of diagenetic processes and synchrotron computed microtomography of porosity of reservoir rocks.

	Material Sciences				

KC020101	Studies of Nanoscale Structure and Structural Defects of Advanced Materials
KC020102	Mechanisms of Metal-Environment Interactions
KC020103	Superconducting Materials
KC020201	Development of Dedicated Inelastic X-ray Scattering Beamline at the Advanced Photon Source
KC020201	Neutron Instrument Development and User Support
KC020201	Neutron Scattering
KC020201	X-ray Scattering
KC020201	Powder Diffraction
KC020202	Center for Functional Nanomaterials
KC020202	Ctr of Excell. for Synthesis and Processing of Adv'd Mat'ls Proj.: Nanocomposite Magnets
KC020202	Structure-Sensitive Properties of Adv'd Permanent Magnet Mat'ls: Exper. and Theory
KC020202	Photo-Fabrication R&D
KC020202	Charge Inhomogeneity in Correlated Electron Systems
KC020202	Electron and IR Spectroscopy
KC020203	Quantum Monte Carlo Studies of Electron Correlation in Complex Oxides
KC020203	Condensed Matter Theory
KC0203	Synthesis and Structures of Conducting Polymers
KC0203	Materials Chemistry
KC020401	Optics Systems for Synchrotron Radiation Applications
KC020401	National Synchrotron Light Source Operations and Development

	Chemical Sciences				

KC-02-01-01 Studies of Nanoscale Structure and Structural Defects of Advanced Materials (Y. Zhu)
BNL 66430-AB: Cai, Z.-X. and Zhu, Y. Micromagnetic simulations of domain structures in thin films and bulk hard magnets. Microsc. Microanal. 5, (Suppl. 2: Proceedings) 36-37 (1999).
BNL 65578: Friessnegg, T., Madhukar, S., Nielsen, B., Moodenbaugh, A. R., Aggarwal, S., Keeble, D. J., Poindexter, E. H., Mascher, P., Ramesh, R. Metal ion and oxygen vacancies in bulk and thin film La1-xSrxCoO3. Phys. Rev. B 59(20), 13,365-13,369 (1999). Friessnegg, T., Madhukar, S., Nielsen, B., Moodenbaugh, A. R. , Aggarwal, S., Keeble, D. J., Poindexter, E. H., Mascher, P., Ramesh, R. Defect identification in (La,Sr)CoO3-ä using positron annihilation spectroscopy. MRS Proc. Symposium O, Ferroelectric Thin Films VII, Boston, Nov. 30-Dec. 1, 1998, pp. 261-266, Materials Research Society Proc. 541, 1999.
BNL 65886: Volkov V. and Zhu, Y. Magnetic structure and microstructure of die-upset hard magnets RE13.75Fe80.25B6 (RE=Nd, Pr): A possible origin of high coercivity. J. Appl. Phys. 85, 3254-3263 (1999).
BNL 66379-AB: Volkov, V. V. and Zhu, Y. In-situ TEM dynamic magnetizing experiments used to identify the pinning centers in hard magnets RE13.75Fe80.25B6 (RE=Nd, Pr). Microsc. Microanal. 5, (Suppl. 2: Proceedings) 20-21 (1999).
BNL 66377-AB: Volkov, V. V. and Zhu, Y. High coercivity mechanism of the die-upset hard magnets RE13.75Fe80.25B6 (RE=Nd, Pr): possible correlation to specific defect microstructure. Microsc. Microanal. 5, (Suppl. 2: Proceedings) 42-43 (1999).
BNL 66378-AB: Volkov, V. V., Crew, D. C., Zhu, Y., and Lewis, L. H. Magnetic field calibration of the JEOL3000FEG electron microscope: Application to studies of hard magnets. Microsc. Microanal. 5, (Suppl. 2: Proceedings) 46-47 (1999). Wang, R. and Zhu, Y. Soft phonons and anti-phase domains in SrTiO3: an electron diffuse scattering study. Proc. of Microscopy & Microanalysis '99, Portland, OR, August 1-5, 1999, pp. 212-213. Wu, L., Zhu, Y., and Tafto, J. Measurements of valence electron distribution in complex crystals: A study of oxide superconductors. Phys. Rev. B. 59, 6035-6038 (1999).
BNL 66672: Wu, L., Zhu, Y., and Tafto, J. Towards quantitative measurements of charge transfer in complexcrystals using imaging and diffraction of fast electrons. Micron 30, 356-370 (1999).
BNL 66429-AB: Wu, L., Zhu, Y., Suenaga, M., and Sabatini, R. L. Microstructure of Yba2Cu3O7-? thick films by post annealing of the precursor by high rate e-beam deposition on SrTiO3 substrates. Microsc. Microanal. 5, (Suppl. 2: Proceedings) 832-833 (1999).
BNL 66861: Zhu, Y., Wu, L., Tafto, J. A study of charge distribution in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+? superconductors using novel electron-diffraction and imaging techniques. J. of Microscopy 194(1), 21-29 (1999).
BNL 66153: Zhu, Y. and Welch, D.O. The nature of twin boundaries in the high-temperature superconductor Yba2Cu3O7-?. In Advance in Twinning, S.Ankem and C.S.Pande, Editors, pp. 209-222, TMS, (1999). Zhu, Y. Preface to the Special Issue on Advanced Electron Microscopy Studies of High-Temperature Superconductors. Micron 30, 355 (1999).